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GLOSSARY OF EXTREMISM AND HATE

Moorish Movement

An Afro-centric offshoot of the sovereign citizen movement that emerged in the mid-1990s primarily as a result of people merging sovereign beliefs with beliefs from a longstanding religious sect, the Moorish Science Temple. Moorish sovereign citizens often... Read more

Groups / Movements Anti-government
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GLOSSARY OF EXTREMISM AND HATE

Paper Terrorism

"Paper terrorism" is a term given to a range of tactics developed by the sovereign citizen movement to use against their perceived enemies. These tactics typically involve the filing of bogus legal documents or the misuse of... Read more
Tactics Anti-government
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GLOSSARY OF EXTREMISM AND HATE

Wolverine Watchmen

The Wolverine Watchment militia is an anti-government extremist group. Many members were arrested in October 2020 on either federal or state charges for their roles in an alleged plot to kidnap Michigan Governor Gretchen Whitmer.
Groups / Movements Anti-government
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GLOSSARY OF EXTREMISM AND HATE

Washitaw Empire/Nati…

The Washitaw Empire/Nation was a Black sovereign citizen group in the mid-1990s that eventually split into several groups and became a wing of the Moorish sovereign citizen movement, an offshoot of the traditional sovereign citizen movement. The... Read more
Groups / Movements Anti-government
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GLOSSARY OF EXTREMISM AND HATE

Tax Protest Movement

The tax protest movement is the oldest wing of the anti-government extremist "Patriot" movement, dating back to the mid-1960s. In contrast to people who merely dislike taxes, adherents of the tax protest movement use pseudo-legal arguments to... Read more
Groups / Movements Anti-government
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GLOSSARY OF EXTREMISM AND HATE

Boogaloo movement

The Boogaloo movement formed in 2019 based around the term "boogaloo", a slang reference to a future civil war that boogalooers anticipate (some eagerly). While there are ideological differences among members, the movement is primarily anti-government, anti-gun... Read more
Groups / Movements Anti-government
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GLOSSARY OF EXTREMISM AND HATE

United Nations of Tu…

United Nations of Turtle Island (UNOTI) is a fictitious tribe created by sovereign citizen adherents trying to escape government jurisdiction. UNOTI is based primarily in east Tennessee, western North Carolina and northern Georgia, though it has "members"... Read more
Groups / Movements Anti-government
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GLOSSARY OF EXTREMISM AND HATE

Border Vigilante Mov…

Part of the anti-immigrant extremist movement, border vigilantes conduct armed, sometimes paramilitary patrols along the U.S.-Mexico border, attempting to chase and detain migrants under the delusion that they are fighting drug cartels. Border vigilantes have attracted some... Read more
Groups / Movements Anti-government
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GLOSSARY OF EXTREMISM AND HATE

Sovereign Citizen

The "sovereign citizen" movement is a loosely organized collection of groups, networks and individuals who have adopted a right-wing anti-government ideology originating in the theories of the 1970s group Posse Comitatus. Adherents believe that virtually all existing... Read more
Key Concepts / Definitions Anti-government
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GLOSSARY OF EXTREMISM AND HATE

The Embassy of Heaven

The Embassy of Heaven was an anti-government extremist group based in Oregon and led by Paul Revere (aka Craig Fleshman). Primarily active in the 1990s and 2000s, the Embassy marketed bogus license plates and other automobile documents... Read more

Groups / Movements Anti-government
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