Islamic State Hacking Division (ISHD)/ United Cyber Caliphate

The Islamic State Hacking Division (ISHD), also known as the United Cyber Caliphate, is an umbrella name for a number of online hacking groups supportive of ISIS. Its first operations were against U.S. websites in January 2015. It is unlikely that ISIS central leadership has any direct involvement or control over the group, but ISIS has acknowledged the group as supporters of their mission. Though now largely inactive, it published a number of "kill lists" including the personal information of American military personnel and defaced websites which criticized ISIS.