Missing 13th Amendment

The "Missing 13th Amendment" is not a reference to the 13th Amendment actually in the Constitution but rather is a false concept within the sovereign citizen movement that claims that there is a missing amendment (the ratification of which was covered up by a conspiracy) that prevents anyone with a title of nobility from being a citizen. Sovereign citizens twist the meaning of this in order to attack lawyers, arguing that a lawyer's "esquire" title prevents them from being citizens and therefore makes them invalid. The amendment they refer to was actually passed by Congress in the early 1800s but never was ratified by the requisite number of states.

This database provides an overview of many of the terms and individuals used by or associated with movements and groups that subscribe to and/or promote extremist or hateful ideologies.

Skousenism

Skousenism is a term used to describe the political philosophy of ultraconservative political theorist W. Cleon Skousen (1913-2006). Skousen advocated a philosophy centered on advocacy for extremely limited federal government, anti-Communism, conspiracy theories and Mormon theology. Skousenites... Read more

Key Concepts / Definitions Anti-government

Moorish Movement

An Afro-centric offshoot of the sovereign citizen movement that emerged in the mid-1990s primarily as a result of people merging sovereign beliefs with beliefs from a longstanding religious sect, the Moorish Science Temple. Moorish sovereign citizens often... Read more

Groups / Movements Anti-government

Romana Didulo

Romana Didulo is a Canadian QAnon figure who falsely claims to be the "Queen of Canada." She has frequently called for violent action online, especially against individuals involved in administrating Covid-19 vaccines to children. Didulo has frequently... Read more

People Right-wing

David Straight

David Straight is a prominent sovereign citizen guru and QAnon adherent who teaches sovereignty with a QAnon bent, urging his followers to become "American State Nationals" before Trump is reinstated as president. He works closely with Bobby... Read more