From the late 1980s, Charles Weisman ran Weisman Publications, a Minnesota-based publisher whose publications focused on Christian Identity theology and sovereign citizen doctrine. He died in 2016.

Chuck Baldwin is a prominent figure in the anti-government extremist "Patriot" movement. Throughout the coronavirus pandemic, Baldwin has peddled conspiracy theories that government measures to combat the virus are a "pretext for civil tyranny," "phase two" (after... Read more

Citizens' grand juries (also known as common law grand juries and people's grand juries) are sham juries created primarily by adherents of the sovereign citizen movement, who have a fondness for creating fictitious judicial and governmental entities... Read more

"Common law courts" are bogus courts established by adherents of the sovereign citizen movement, who reject the legitimacy of actual courts. They are often used to render unenforceable judgments regarding genuine legal disputes and to issue phony... Read more

The Constitutional Sheriffs and Peace Officers Association (CSPOA) is an anti-government extremist group founded in 2011 by former Arizona sheriff Richard Mack. The organization recruits sheriffs into the anti-government extremist "Patriot" movement, and claims the county sheriff... Read more

Crusaders is a term used by Islamists to refer to any Western presence in the Middle East, though it is most often used to refer to the U.S. In addition, anti-Muslim extremists in the United States often... Read more

David Wynn-Miller was an influential Wisconsin-based sovereign citizen activist who created (and used) a completely alternative grammar and syntax for the English language, which he claimed would allow people to master the judicial system and always prevail... Read more

Sovereign citizens often use the term "de facto government" to refer to the U.S. government. They believe a conspiracy began in the 1860s to infiltrate the original "de jure" government, subvert its laws and replace them with... Read more

Duncan Lemp was a 21-year-old supporter of the boogaloo movement who was shot and killed in 2020 by SWAT officers with the Montgomery County Police Department in Maryland. The officers were serving a no-knock search warrant for... Read more

FEAR was a large militia group formed by soldiers stationed at Fort Stewart in Georgia. It operated between 2011 and 2012. Members of FEAR plotted various terrorist acts - including assassinating then-President Barack Obama - and killed... Read more